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3-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication

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Tip: download the PDF for Letter or A4 paper, print it at 100% and use a pencil or crayon. Tap "Show solution" to check your answer, or print it as an answer key.

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Twelve 3-digit by 1-digit multiplications in columns, such as 438 × 7. Every problem needs at least one regrouping, and many need two, so children work through the ones, then the tens, then the hundreds, adding the carried digit each time. Answers have three or four digits. An estimate first helps catch slips: 438 is about 400, and 400 × 7 is 2,800, so the answer should be a bit more than that.

Also try: 2-Digit by 2-Digit Multiplication · Multiplication Arrays Worksheet · Multiplication Chart 1–12

Tips for this multiplication worksheet

  • Work right to left: ones, tens, hundreds.
  • Add each carried digit after you multiply that column.
  • Round the top number to the nearest hundred to estimate.

Page 2 of the PDF is the answer key. 1 cm graph paper keeps every digit in its column for extra practice. When this sheet feels easy, move on to the division worksheets and the fraction worksheets. See all multiplication worksheets.

For teachers and parents

What it practises
Arrays, equal groups and repeated addition, multiplication facts 0 to 12 and missing factors, word problems and multi-digit multiplication
How to use it
Build the first facts with counters in rows. For the 3 minute drill, an adult times it and the child beats their own score, never anyone else’s. Answers on page 2.
Time
About 10–20 minutes

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Printing tips

  • Build each fact with counters, buttons or Lego in rows before writing it.
  • Learn a few facts at a time and mix them with ones already known.
  • Mark with page 2 and redo the wrong ones the next day.

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